Analytik von Organonitraten in Niederschlägen

Abstract

The aims of this dissertation were separated in two sections. The first concentrated on quantitation of organonitrates in precipitation. The second identified and quantified the main and side components of technically used flame retardants. For the analysis of organonitrates a suitable method has to be set up which gathers the different substances (alkylmono-, alkyldi-, ketoalkyl- and hydroxyalkylnitrates). Simultaneous vapor extraction (SDE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) were optimized for the analysis of organonitrates in precipitation waters. Generally SDE was the more suitable method for the analysis of organonitrates in precipitation waters. The methods processed were successfully used in analysis of rain and snowwater samples. Concentration of organonitrates in snow was higher than those found in rainwater.

In the second section of this dissertation 8 technical mixtures of brominated flame retardants were analysed. Through the use of HRCG(EI)-MSD, nuclear mass spectroscopy, elementary analysis, direct inlet mass spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy, the single components of these mixtures could be identified and quantified. With this proceeding Bromcal 64-3 AE was identified to be allyl-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-ether as single component. The only constituent of Bromcal 66-8 was identified as tetrabromobisphenole A bis-(2,3-dibromopropylether). The analysis of Bromcal 67-4 TH provides a composition of 5 single components. The main constituent is tetrabromophtalic acid anhydride with 83,3 %. Bromcal 81-5 T consists of two components. The first one is tetrabromotoluene with 2,8 %, the second is pentabromotoluene with 97,2 %. Bromcal 82-0 B consists of 0,6 % pentabromobenzene and 99,4 % hexabromobenzene. Bromcal 58-4 BA was identified as tetrabromobisphenole A without any other components. The main component of Bromcal 73-6 CD is hexabromocyclododecane with 92,6 %. Bromcal 79-8 DE is a mixture of higher brominated diphenyl ethers.